Representation of the heliosphere with the Voyagers (Image NASA/JPL-Caltech)

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NASA has confirmed that its Voyager 2 space probe has entered interstellar space. The instruments still operating confirmed that it passed through the outer boundary of the heliosphere, called heliopause, where the influence of solar wind ends meeting interstellar particles. These results were presented by members of the Voyager mission team today at the meeting of the American Geophysical Union (AGU) being held in Washington these days.

Planetary formation discovered in the Taurus molecular cloud

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An article published in the journal “The Astrophysical Journal” reports the observation of structures in protoplanetary disks that probably were left by newborn and perhaps still developing planets. A team of researchers led by Feng Long of the University of Beijing used the ALMA radio telescope to examine disks surrounding young stars in the Taurus star formation region discovering that of 32 protoplanetary disks 12 were divided into rings, a situation associated with planetary formation.

The Long March 3B rocket blasting off starting the Chang'e 4 mission (Photo courtesy Xinhua)

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It was night in China when a rover and a lander were launched on a Long March 3B rocket from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center starting the Chang’e 4 mission. After about half an hour, lander and rover, after successfully separating from the rocket’s third stage entered the orbit where they’ll start the series of maneuvers that will bring them en route to the Moon.

A catalog of gravitational wave detections includes 4 new events

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Two articles published on the arXiv server show a catalog of gravitational wave events detected by the LIGO and Virgo collaborations and the inferred properties concerning the black hole pairs discovered in the mergers. So far, 7 events were announced but the analysis of the data led to the discovery of 4 more events of which one was detected by Virgo as well. Of the 11 now known, there’s the one that became famous because it was generated by two neutron stars that led to a kilonova while the other 10 were generated by black hole pairs.