Artist's concept of the TRAPPIST-1 system (Image NASA/JPL-Caltech)

An article published in the journal “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences” describes a research that tries to provide an estimate of the possibilities for the 7 planets of the ultra-cool dwarf star TRAPPIST-1 to maintain an atmosphere. A team of researchers created simulations that took into account the characteristics of TRAPPIST-1’s stellar wind and the possible speed at which the planets’ atmosphere would be torn away from them. The conclusion is that the two outermost planets could maintain an atmosphere for billions of years.

Slices of a simulation showing the evolution of a Wolf-Rayet star (moving clockwise from top left) (Image courtesy V. Dwarkadas & D. Rosenberg)

An article published in “The Astrophysical Journal” describes a research that offers a new explanation for the solar system’s birth. A team of scientists led by Vikram Dwarkadas of the University of Chicago gathered a series of clues that suggest the possibility that within the shell of a giant star of the type called Wolf-Rayet there were the conditions that triggered the formation of the Sun along with its planets and all other minor objects.

Artist's concept of the star K2-106 and its planets (Image courtesy / Vincenzo Guido, Emilio Molinari)

An article published in the journal “Astronomy & Astrophysics” describes the study of two super-Earths in the system of the star K2-106. A team of astronomers led by Eike W. Guenther of the Thuringian State Observatory in Tautenburg, Germany used various telescopes to collect the data needed to determine the characteristics of the two exoplanets. The conclusion is that they’re both larger than the Earth but one is unusually dense while the other has a significantly lower density.

The galaxy cluster RCS2 J2327 (Image ESO & ESA/Hubble & NASA)

An article accepted for publication in the journal “Astronomy & Astrophysics” describes a research on the galaxy cluster RCS2 J2327-0204, or simply RCS2 J2327. A team of researchers combined observations carried out with the HAWK-I instrument installed on the VLT (Very Large Telescope) and with the Hubble Space Telescope’s ACS instrument to measure the distortions caused by the gravitational lens effects of the cluster estimating its mass in about 2 quadrillion times the Sun’s.