August 2021

The Dragon 2 cargo spacecraft starting its CRS-23 mission blasting off atop a Falcon 9 rocket (Image NASA TV)

A little while ago, the SpaceX Dragon 2 spacecraft blasted off atop a Falcon 9 rocket from the Kennedy Space Center in its CRS-23 (Cargo Resupply Service 23) mission, also referred to as SPX-23. After almost exactly 12 minutes it separated successfully from the rocket’s last stage and went en route. This is the 23rd mission, the 3rd for the Dragon 2 version, for the Dragon spacecraft to resupply the International Space Station with various cargoes and then return to Earth, again with various cargoes.

Artist's concept of the surface a Hycean planet (Image courtesy Amanda Smith, University of Cambridge)

An article published in “The Astrophysical Journal” reports a study that proposes a new type of habitable planet that was named Hycean. Nikku Madhusudhan, Anjali AA Piette, and Savvas Constantinou of the British University of Cambridge’s Institute of Astronomy started from the study of the exoplanet K2-18b to argue that some planets with conditions between those of super-Earths and mini-Neptunes can be covered in oceans and have hydrogen-rich atmospheres offering the possibility of developing carbon-based life forms. These Hycean planets could potentially be habitable even orbiting outside what is commonly considered ​​a star system habitable zone.

Asteroid 2021 PH27 seen in two different moments

The announcement came of the discovery of asteroid 2021 PH27, which has the shortest orbital period among the known asteroids with about 113 Earth days. Astronomer Scott S. Sheppard of the Carnegie Institution of Science identified it in data collected by the Dark Energy Camera (DECam), an instrument designed for cosmological research that on several occasions has also proved useful for other astronomical research. In this case, the images were captured by Ian Dell’Antonio and Shenming Fu of Brown University on August 13, 2021. The orbit of 2021 PH27 is probably not stable over the long period, and studying this asteroid will help to understand the movements of objects with orbits close to that of the planet Mercury.

Fragments of comet C/2019 Y4 (ATLAS) seen by Hubble

An article published in the “Astronomical Journal” reports the results of a study on comet C/2019 Y4 (ATLAS) whose conclusion is that it’s a fragment of a larger comet whose passage could have been seen on Earth about 5,000 years ago. A team of researchers led by astronomer Quanzhi Ye of the University of Maryland in College Park used observations conducted with the Hubble Space Telescope to examine this comet and its orbit. In fact, there are now various fragments and it’s possible that the progenitor gave rise to an entire family of comets. Amateur astronomer Maik Meyer identified a correlation with C/1844 Y1, nicknamed the Great Comet of 1844.