Astronomy / Astrophysics

The Hubble Ultra Deep Field with an inset that shows a magnification of two primordial galaxies, one of which contains a supermassive black hole

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An article published in “The Astrophysical Journal Letters” reports the results of a census of the youngest supermassive black holes that existed in the early universe. A team of researchers used observations conducted with the Hubble Space Telescope that started from the so-called Hubble Ultra Deep Field to search for primordial supermassive black holes with the addition of data recently collected using the James Webb Space Telescope. The conclusion is that these objects are more numerous than expected, a confirmation that they formed very quickly. This new study will help to understand how.

Digel Cloud 2S

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An article published in “The Astronomical Journal” reports the discovery of areas of remarkable star formation in the molecular clouds known as Digel Clouds, more than 58,000 light-years from the center of the Milky Way. A team of researchers used the James Webb Space Telescope to obtain the detail needed to recognize protostars, outflows and jets of material, and nebular structures. Star formation is more intense than what was visible in observations conducted with other instruments and is interesting also because the Digel Clouds are poor in elements heavier than hydrogen and helium, a characteristic that makes them similar to the primordial Milky Way.

Kuiper Belt Objects (Image created with NightCafé)

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An article accepted for publication in the “Planetary Science Journal” reports the detection of 239 candidate trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs). NASA’s New Horizons Kuiper Belt search team discovered the candidates using the Subaru telescope in Hawaii. Estimates indicate that the candidates are located at distances up to 90 times that of the Earth from the Sun. This supports the theory that the Kuiper Belt is wider than expected or that there’s a second Kuiper Belt further out.

An image from the CEERS survey (Image NASA, ESA, CSA, Steve Finkelstein (UT Austin))

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An article published in “The Astrophysical Journal” reports the results of a study of primordial galaxies that seemed too massive for their age, concluding that it was actually the light generated by the activity of their supermassive black holes that created a wrong impression. A team of researchers led by Katherine Chworowsky, a graduate student at the University of Texas at Austin (UT Austin), examined observations conducted with the James Webb Space Telescope as part of the Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science (CEERS) survey to reach these conclusions.

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An article published in the journal “Nature Astronomy” reports a possible reconstruction of the system of the ultra-cool dwarf star TRAPPIST-1 that led to the current configuration of its seven rocky planets. A team of researchers examined their orbits and in particular their orbital resonances, concluding that the planets formed in two steps in a protoplanetary disk divided into two parts. Initially, this led to the formation of two planetary subsystems and only later did planetary migrations occur with influences between various planets that led to the current situation.