Telescopes

Artist's illustration of two phases of the formation of a disk of gas and dust around the supermassive black hole at the center of the galaxy SDSS1335+0728

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An article accepted for publication in the journal “Astronomy & Astrophysics” reports the results of the observation of a new activity of the supermassive black hole at the center of the galaxy cataloged as SDSS J133519.91+072807.4 and called “simply” SDSS1335+0728. A team of researchers used observations conducted with various instruments to observe an increase in this galaxy’s brightness. This already led to its inclusion among those with an active galactic nucleus at the end of 2019.

The WL20S system in a combination of ALMA and Webb observations

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At the 244th Meeting of the American Astronomical Society, a study was presented of what turned out to be a pair of stars inside the WL20 group, cataloged as WL20S. The authors of this study combined observations conducted with the ALMA radio telescope and the James Webb Space Telescope to obtain the information necessary to establish that in that system there are two young stars, and not one as astronomers thought, which formed between 2 and 4 million years ago. Both stars are surrounded by disks of materials in which there could be planets forming and parallel jets of materials emitted by the two stars.

The JADES-Gs-z14-0 and JADES-Gs-z14-1 galaxies as seen by the James Webb Space Telescope, also zoomed in the insets

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An article still in its peer-reviewed phase available in preview on the ArXiv server reports the identification of the primordial galaxies JADES-GS-z14-0 and JADES-GS-z14-1, which might be the most distant galaxies discovered so far. A team of researchers used observations conducted with the James Webb Space Telescope as part of the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES) program to identify hundreds of candidate galaxies dating back to the first 650 million years of universe life. If the estimates made are confirmed, we see JADES-GS-z14-0 as it was about 290 million years after the Big Bang and therefore it would be the oldest known.

The Earth and artistic concepts showing the exoplanet Gliese 12 b in possible versions ranging from no atmosphere to a very thick atmosphere like that of Venus

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Two articles, one published in the journal “Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society” and one in “The Astrophysical Journal Letters”, report independent confirmations of the discovery of the exoplanet Gliese 12 b, which has a size very close to the Earth’s but orbits a red dwarf that has a mass and size that are around a quarter of the Sun’s. Two teams of researchers used observations conducted by NASA’s TESS space telescope and confirmations obtained with other instruments to verify the existence of Gliese 12 b. The available information doesn’t reveal if it has an atmosphere but several factors make it a good candidate for a follow-up search with the James Webb Space Telescope.

Messier 78 (ESA/Euclid/Euclid Consortium/NASA, image processing by J.-C. Cuillandre (CEA Paris-Saclay), G. Anselmi)

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ESA and the Euclid Consortium have presented the first scientific results obtained thanks to the Euclid Space Telescope within the ERO (Early Release Observations) program. That’s a series of scientific articles partly written directly by the Consortium’s researchers and partly by different teams of researchers who worked within the ERO program. Some images illustrate the possibilities of this instrument but research into some of the major cosmological mysteries goes far beyond the aesthetics of photos.